Matapishi mekundu
Kutapika damu husababisha kupata mataapishi yenye rangi nyekundu au nyeusi endapo damu imekaa kwa muda mrefu tumboni.
Kutapika matapishi mengi yenye rangi nyekundu au meusi huitwa kitiba ‘hematemesis’
Visababishi vya kutapika damu kwa watoto ni;
Kutostahimili chakula
Damu kutoka kwenye majeraha ndani ya kinywa
Madhaifu ya kuganda kwa damu
Madhaifu ya kuzaliwa kwenye mfumo wa mumeng’enyaji chakula au mishipa ya damu
Visababishi vya kutapika damu kwa watu wazima ni;
Majeraha kwenye kinywa, koo, fizi kutokana na kukohoa n.k
Vidonda vya tumbo au vidonda katika sehemu yoyote ya mfumo wa umeng’enyaji wa chakula
Ugonjwa wa amilaidosis
Kuferi kwa Ini ambako huonekana na dalili zingine kama manjano n.k
Majeraha ya umio kutokana kutapika kwa nguvu au sana
Wakati gani unapaswa kuwa na hofu unapotapika?
Endapo unatapika matapishi mekundu yanayoambatana na dalili zifuatazo unapaswa kutilia mashaka na kutafuta msaada wa daktari;
Kizunguzungu
Kupumua kwa shinda
Kutapika nyongo kwa muda mrefu
Kutapika zaidi ya masaa 48 bila kupata nafuu
Kutapika kila kitu
Maumivu makali ya tumbo nay a ghafla
Kuwa na kisukari
Maumivu makali ya kifua
Kutapika mara kwa mara katika mwaka
Matapishi kuwa meusi au rangi ya unga wa kahawa
Maumivu makali ya kichwa na homa
Kuishiwa nguvu au kupata uchovu mkali
Kupata kizunguzungu au kuzimia
Huduma ya kwanza kwa mtu anayetapika sana;
Hatua ya muhimu kuchukua endapo unatapika sana ni kufika hospitali ili kupatiwa matibabu kw akutundikiwa dripu, hii itasaidia rejesha kiwango cha madini na maji ulichopoteza.
Kama unatapika kwa kiasi na unaweza kunywa maji, fanya iwezekanavyo kunywa maji kiasi kidogo sana lakini mara kwa mara. Ukipata maji ya Oral au wengine huita ORS na hutumika kwa watoto wanaoharisha itasaidia kuwa kama huduma ya kwanza. Kengo ni kurejesha kiwango ulichopoteza kwa kutapika na kuzuia kupata shoku kutokana na kuishiwa maji mwilini.
Zuia kutumia vitu vinavyokuletea kichefuchefu kama vinywaji nyenye mafuta, sukari na viungo kwa wingi na vingine ambavyo vinaamsha kuchefuchefu chako.
Rejea za mada hii;
Vomiting in adults. https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/stomach-liver-and-gastrointestinal-tract/vomiting-in-adults. Imechukuliwa 28.06.2021
Catiele Antunes, et al. Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470300/#: Imechukuliwa 28.06.2021
I.Dodd Wilson. Chapter 85Hematemesis, Melena, and Hematochezia. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK411/. Imechukuliwa 28.06.2021
Amyloidosis. my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15718-amyloidosis. Imechukuliwa 28.06.2021
Cyclic vomiting syndrome. niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/cyclic-vomiting-syndrome. Imechukuliwa 28.06.2021
Lamps LW, et al.Fungal infections of the gastrointestinal tract in the immunocompromised host: An update. DOI: 10.1097/PAP.0000000000000016. Imechukuliwa 28.06.2021
Mayo Clinic Staff. Acute liver failure. mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/acute-liver-failure/symptoms-causes/syc-20352863. Imechukuliwa 28.06.2021
Mayo Clinic Staff. Viral gastroenteritis (stomach flu). https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/viral-gastroenteritis/symptoms-causes/syc-20378847. Imechukuliwa 28.06.2021
Mayo Clinic Staff.Food poisoning. mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/food-poisoning/symptoms-causes/syc-20356230. Imechukuliwa 28.06.2021
Mayo Clinic Staff.Gastritis.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/gastritis/symptoms-causes/syc-20355807. Imechukuliwa 28.06.2021
Mayo Clinic Staff.Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/gerd/symptoms-causes/syc-20361940. Imechukuliwa 28.06.2021
Mayo Clinic Staff.Intestinal obstruction. mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/intestinal-obstruction/symptoms-causes/syc-20351460. Imechukuliwa 28.06.2021
Mayo Clinic Staff.Nausea and vomiting. mayoclinic.org/symptoms/nausea/basics/definition/sym-20050736. Imechukuliwa 28.06.2021
Mayo Clinic Staff.Vomiting blood. mayoclinic.org/symptoms/vomiting-blood/basics/definition/sym-20050732
Nausea and vomiting in adults. nhs.uk/conditions/nausea-and-vomiting-in-adults/. Imechukuliwa 28.06.2021
Nausea and vomiting. my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/8106-nausea--vomiting. Imechukuliwa 28.06.2021
Vomit looks like coffee grounds after drinking alcohol. goaskalice.columbia.edu/answered-questions/vomit-looks-coffee-grounds-after-drinking-alcohol. Imechukuliwa 28.06.2021
Vomiting in adults. (2018). nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/stomach-liver-and-gastrointestinal-tract/vomiting-in-adults. Imechukuliwa 28.06.2021