Dawa ya gono sugu
Gono sugu ni aina ya gono isiyosikia dawa mbalimbali za antibiotiki ambazo awali zilikuwa zinauwezo wa kutibu ugonjwa. Kwa jinsi miaka inavyoenda, kimelea kinachosababisha gono kimetengeneza usugu dhidi ya dawa mbalimbali za antibiotiki jamii ya sulfonamide (mfano sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim), penicillin (mfano Pen G, Pen V , Flucloxacillin, amoxicillin, Ampicillin), tetracyclines ( mfano Tetracycline, Chlortetracycline, Oxytetracycline) na fluoroquinolones( mfano ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin n.k).
Visa vya hivi karibuni vinaonyesha kimelea Neisseria gonorrhoeae. kuwa sugu kwenye dawa jamii ya cephalosporins (mfano ceftriaxon, cefixime n.k), kundi la dawa daraja la kwanza kwa sasa katika matibabu ya gono.
Usugu huu mara nyingi husababishwa na matumizi mabaya au yasiyo kamili ya dawa za kuua bakteria, ambazo awali zilikuwa zikiua kimelea anayesababishi gono yaani Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Orodha ya dawa ya gono sugu
Kwa sasa, tiba nzuri ya gono sugu inategemea majibu ya kipimo cha usikivu wa bakteria kwenye dawa husika. Kipimo hiki hutambua dawa gani inauwezo wa kuua bakteria kisababishi cha gono. Hata hivyo WHO na CDC wanapendekeza mchanganyiko wa miongoni mwa dawa zifuatazo katika matibabu ya gono sugu;
Ceftriaxone
Azithromycin
Dawa zingine zinazopendekezwa kwa gono sugu katika baadhi ya nchi ni;
Spectinomycin
Cefotaxime
Gentamicin
Dawa zilizo kwenye majaribio kwa gono sugu
Dawa ambayo bado ipo kwenye majaribio na inaonekana kuwa na uwezo wa kutibu gono iliyo sugu ni Zoliflodacin.
Mambo muhimu kuhusu matibabu
Usitumie dawa bila ushauri wa daktari.
Epuka kutumia dawa za antibiyotiki kiholela ili kuepuka usugu wa dawa.
Kama umepewa dawa, maliza dozi yote hata kama dalili zimepotea.
Mpenzi wako pia anatakiwa kupimwa na kutibiwa ili kuepuka maambukizi ya kujirudia.
Hitimisho
Ikiwa una dalili za gonorrhea sugu kama maumivu makali wakati wa kukojoa, usaha kwenye mkojo au uume, maumivu ya nyonga kwa wanawake, au homa, tafadhali nenda hospitali haraka kwa uchunguzi na matibabu sahihi.
Endapo una gono sugu, wasilaiana na daktari wako kufanya vipimo vya maabara ili kubaini dawa gani bado inafanya kazi dhidi ya bakteria wa gono uliyenaye badala ya kutumia dawa vibaya.
Rejea za mada hii
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World Health Organization. Sexually transmitted bacterial pathogen for which there are increasing antimicrobial resistance concerns: Neisseria gonorrhea. Available: www.who.int/csr/resources/publications/drugresist/IIAMRmanual.pdf . Imechukuliwa 19.03.2025
Public Health Agency of Canada. Canadian guidelines on sexually transmitted infections. July 2013. Available: www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/std-mts/sti-its/cgsti-ldcits/section-5-6-eng.php#footnote-t1. Imechukuliwa 15.03.2025
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Public Health Agency of Canada. Executive summary—report on sexually transmitted infections in Canada: 2009. Available: www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/sti-its-surv-epi/sum-som-eng.php . Imechukuliwa 15.03.2025
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sexually transmitted disease surveillance 2010. Available: www.cdc.gov/std/stats10/gonorrhea.htm. Imechukuliwa 15.03.2025
CDC. Sexually transmitted disease surveillance 2018. Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC; 2019. https://www.cdc.gov/std/stats18/STDSurveillance2018-full-report.pdf
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CDC. Antibiotic resistance threats in the United States, 2019. Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC; 2019. https://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/pdf/threats-report/2019-ar-threats-report-508.pdf. Imechukuliwa 15.03.2025
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Bradford PA, et al. An Oral Spiropyrimidinetrione Antibiotic for the Treatment of Neisseria gonorrheae, Including Multi-Drug-Resistant Isolates. ACS Infect Dis. 2020 Jun 12;6(6):1332-1345. doi: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00021. Epub 2020 May 12. PMID: 32329999.