Acne
Introduction
Acne is a multifactorial disease primarily of teenagers with follicular plugging and inflammation. It presents with polymorphic lesions including, papules, and lesions involving the face, chest, shoulders and back.
Signs & symptoms
• Open and closed comedones
• Pustules
• Nodular and cystic lesions involving the face, chest, shoulder and the back
Diagnostic criteria
• Open and closed comedones
• Pustules
• Nodular and cystic lesions involving the face, chest, shoulder and the back
Investigation
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Treatment
-
Non-Pharmacological treatment
- • Avoid underlying precipitating factor e.g. stress, nuts, chocolate, overuse of ointments on skin, steroids, anticonvulsant drugs etc.
• Encourage a healthy lifestyle – exercise, sunshine exposure, etc.
• Use ordinary soap (harsh antibacterial cleansers or iodine-containing preparations may aggravate the acne)
-
Pharmacological
- Mild to moderate acne without scarring
Apply
• Benzoyl peroxide 2.5%–5% once nocte
OR
• Retinoid 0.05% once nocte
Moderate acne with scarring-
• Doxycycline 100mg daily for 1–3 month
OR
• Erythromycin 250mg 6 hourly for 1–3 month
AND
• Benzoyl peroxide or topical retinoid as above.
Nodulocystic and/or conglobate acne
• Isotretinoin (PO) 0.025–0.5mg/kg for at least 3–6 months
Acne fulminans
• Isotretinoin (PO) 0.025–0.5mg/kg for at least 4–6 months
• Prednisolone (PO) 45mg start then 5mg reduction daily up to 0.
Prevention
• Avoid underlying precipitating factor e.g. stress, nuts, chocolate, overuse of ointments on skin, steroids, anticonvulsant drugs etc.
• Encourage a healthy lifestyle – exercise, sunshine exposure, etc.
• Use ordinary soap (harsh antibacterial cleansers or iodine-containing preparations may aggravate the acne)
Updated on,
3 Novemba 2020 12:32:28
References
- 1.STG