Mwandishi: Dkt. Sospeter M, MD

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Mhariri: Dkt Adolf S, MD

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Imeandikwa 1.05.2018

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Dawa  za UKIMWI

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Dawa za ukimwi ni dawa zinazotumika kupambana na Virusi Vya UKIMWI (VVU) ili kuviweka chini ya ulinzi na kuzuia visiendelee kuzaliana  na kushusha kinga ya mwili.

 

Dawa za UKIMWI zinazofahamika kwa kifupi kama ARV, ARVs au HAART zimegawanywa kwenye makundi mbalimbali, kutokana na namna zinavyofanya kazi kudhibiti uingiaji wa kirusi ndani ya CD4 na uzalianaji wake.

 

Matibabu ya UKIMWI mara nyingi hutumia dawa kwenye kundi zaidi ya moja. Endapo dawa kutoka kwenye kundi zaidi ya moja zinatumika kwa ajili ya matibabu ya virusi vya UKIMWI dawa hizo hufahamika kama HAART

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Kazi za dawa za UKIMWI

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• Huzuia kirusi kisijizalie na kupunguza mzigo wa virusi mwilini

• Hurejesha wingi wa askali wa mwili wenye jina la CD4, CD4 ni seli zinazolinda mwili dhidi ya maradhi

• Hupunguza madhara makubwa ya UKIMWI na kuongeza umri wa kuishi

• Hupunguza hatari ya kuambukiza watu wengine

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Makundi ya dawa za ARV

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Kuna makundi takribani 8 ya dawa za UKIMWI ambayo ni;

 

1. Nucleoside or nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)

2. Nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs)

3. Protease inhibitors (PIs)

4. Integrase inhibitors (ISTIs)

5. Fusion inhibitors (FIs)

6. Chemokine receptor antagonists (CRAs)

7. Attachment and post-attachment inhibitors

8. Booster drugs

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Mfano wa dawa kwenye kila kundi

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Nucleoside au nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)

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• Abacavir and lamivudine (Epzicom)

• Abacavir sulfate (Ziagen)

• Abacavir, zidovudine, and lamivudine (Trizivir)

• Delayed-release didanosine (Videx EC)

• Didanosine (Videx)

• Emtricitabine (Emtriva)

• Lamivudine (Epivir)

• Lamivudine and zidovudine (Combivir)

• Stavudine (Zerit)

• Tenofovir alafenamide and Emtricitabine (Descovy)

• Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (Viread)

• Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and Emtricitabine (Truvada)

• zidovudine(Retrovir)

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Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs)

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• Etravirine

• Efavirenz

• Doravirine

• Delavirdine

• Nevirapine

• Rilpivirine

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Protease inhibitors (PIs)

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• Atazanavir

• Darunavir

• Lopinavit/Ritonavir

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Integrase inhibitors (ISTIs)

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• Raltegravir

• Dolutegravir

• Elvitegravir

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Fusion inhibitors (FIs)

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• Enfuvirtide

• Maraviroc

• Aplaviroc

• Ibalizumab

• Temsavir

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CCR5 antagonist

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• Maraviroc

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Bosters drugs

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• Ritonavir (Norvir)

• Cobicistat (Tybost)

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Wapi utapata maelezo zaidi?

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Kupata maelezo zaidi kuhusu makundi haya ya dawa za UKIMWI bofya kundi la dawa husika hapa chini;

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• Nucleoside au nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)

• Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs)

• Protease inhibitors (PIs)

• Integrase inhibitors (ISTIs)

• Fusion inhibitors (FIs)

• CCR5 antagonist

• Attachment and post-attachment inhibitors

• ​Booster drugs

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ULY clinic inakushauri uwasiliane na daktari wako siku zote kabla ya kuchukua hatua yoyote ile ya kiafya.

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Wasiliana na daktari wa ULY clinic kwa ushauri na tiba kupitia namba za simu au bofya Pata Tiba chini ya tovuti hii.

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Imeboreshwa 10/05/2022

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Rejea za mada hii

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1. AIDS map. https://www.aidsmap.com/about-hiv/types-antiretroviral-medications. Imechukuliwa 10.05.2022

2. Healthline. ARV cocktail. https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/understanding-the-aids-cocktail. Imechukuliwa 24.06.2020

3. AIDSinfo. NTIS. https://aidsinfo.nih.gov/understanding-hiv-aids/glossary/513/non-nucleoside-reverse-transcriptase-inhibitor. Imechukuliwa 24.06.2020

4. Healthline. NNRTIs. https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/nucleoside-nucleotide-reverse-transcriptase-inhibitors#side-effects. Imechukuliwa 24.06.2020

5. Drugs.com. Proteaseinhibito. https://www.drugs.com/drug-class/protease-inhibitors.html. Imechukuliwa 24.06.2020

6. Integrase inhibitors (IIs). https://www.drugs.com/drug-class/integrase-strand-transfer-inhibitor.html. Imechukuliwa 24.06.2020

7. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents Anti-HIV drugs .https://www.helmholtz-muenchen.de/fileadmin/IMV/PDF/Skripten/deClercq.IJAA.09.AntiHIVdrugs_Review_01.pdf. Imechukuliwa 24.06.2020

8. Drugs.com.https://www.drugbank.ca/categories/DBCAT001623. Imechukuliwa 24.06.2020