top of page
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (Dic)
Introduction
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a pathologic, excessive generation of thrombin and fibrin in the circulating blood. During the process, increased platelet aggregation and coagulation factor consumption occur this does not allow time for compensatory increase in production of coagulant and anticoagulant factors.
Risk Factors
Signs and symptoms
Diagnostic criteria
• Usually are related to the underlying disorder to the DIC or both
• Bleeding manifestation,
• Extensive organ dysfunction,
• Shock, renal cortical ischemia, coma, delirium and focal neurological symptoms.
Investigations
Treatment
-
Non-pharmacological
- • Rapid and appropriate treatment of the underlying disorder, including antibiotics for infection
• Surgical debridement of necrotic tissues
• Chemotherapy for acute leukemia of evacuation of dead fetus
• Transfusion with platelets support for thrombocytopenia
• Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) for coagulation factor depletion
• Cryoprecipitate for hypofibrinogenemia.
Multifactor deficiency, Liver disease gives Fresh Frozen Plasma 10-15mls/kg until bleeding is stoped
• Monitor prothrombin time (PT), international normalized ratio (INR), activated partial thromboplastin (APTT), platelet count and fibrinogen.
• Identify and treat the cause for example infection, Leukaemia especially Acute PromyelocyticLeukaemia, sereve burn, Abraptio placenta
• Vitamin K deficiency
CAUTION: If patient is not bleeding Platelets concentrate is contraindicated. If DIC is severe enough to cause multiorgan dysfunction, management in an intensive care unit is required.
-
Pharmacological
-
Prevention
Updated on,
14 Novemba 2020 12:57:58
References
- 1. STG
bottom of page