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Iron Deficiency Anaemia

Iron Deficiency Anaemia
Iron Deficiency Anaemia
Iron Deficiency Anaemia
Iron Deficiency Anaemia

Introduction

This is a condition whereby a lack of iron in the body (mainly due to blood loss secondary to haemorrhage, malabsorption and hookworm infestations and pregnancy) leads to a reduction in the number of red blood cells.

Risk Factors

Signs and symptoms

Some of signs and symptoms include

• Fatigue
• Palpitation
• Dizziness
• Glossitis
• Koilonychias (spoon shaped nails) and pica

Diagnostic criteria

• Pallor
• Glossitis
• koilonychias (spoon shaped nails) and pica

Investigations

• CBC-Low Hb, MCV, MCHC and raised RDW
• Peripheral smear- microcytic hypochromic red cell, pencil cells.
• Low serum Iron levels and raised Total iron binding capacity
• Stool analysis

Treatment

  • Non-pharmacological

    • Treat the cause of blood loss, for example menorrhagia, upper GI bleeding due to peptic ulcer and lower GI bleeding secondary to hookworm infestation and malignancy.
    • Blood transfusion is only indicated if it is life threatening.
  • Pharmacological

    Ferrous Sulfate 200 mg (PO) 8 hourly for 3 months Children 5 mg/kg (PO) 8 hourly. Continue for 3 months after the normal hemoglobin has been achieved.

Prevention

Updated on,

14 Novemba 2020 08:37:49

References

    1.STG
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