Oral and dental conditions

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disorder in which the body's immune system attacks the synovial membrane of the temporomandibular joint, resulting in persistent synovitis, progressive cartilage destruction, bone erosion, and joint deformity.

Osteoarthritis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a chronic degenerative joint disorder characterized by progressive destruction of the articular cartilage, remodeling of the subchondral bone, sclerosis, and formation of osteophytes.

Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are a group of musculoskeletal and neuromuscular conditions affecting the temporomandibular joints (TMJs), masticatory muscles, and associated structures.

Persistent idiopathic orofacial pain (PIOFP) is a chronic pain disorder characterized by continuous or recurrent facial or oral pain that cannot be explained by another dental, neurological, musculoskeletal, or systemic condition.

Trigeminal neuralgia is a chronic neuropathic pain disorder characterized by sudden, recurrent episodes of severe unilateral facial pain occurring within the distribution of one or more branches of the trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V). The pain is classically brief, electric shock-like, stabbing, or lancinating and is often triggered by otherwise harmless stimuli such as light touch, chewing, talking, brushing the teeth, or exposure to cold air.