Ascariasis management

Definition

Ascariasis is a small intestinal infestation caused by Ascaris lumbricoides. The infection can lead to malnutrition, iron deficiency anaemia, impaired growth, and cognitive impairment in susceptible individuals. It is most common in children and is acquired through ingestion of contaminated food and water.

Clinical presentation

• Chronic diarrhoea

• Steatorrhoea

• Malnutrition

• Chronic cough (Löffler’s syndrome)

• Intestinal obstruction

• Obstructive jaundice

Investigations

• Stool examination:

  • Evidence of ova or worms on wet mount microscopy

Pharmacological treatment

Mebendazole

• Dose:

  • 500 mg stat

  • OR 100 mg

• Route: Oral (PO)

• Frequency:

  • Stat dose

  • OR every 12 hours

• Duration:

  • Single dose

  • OR 3 days

OR

Albendazole

• Dose: 400 mg

• Route: Oral (PO)

• Frequency: Stat

• Duration: Single dose

Possible complications

• Malnutrition

• Iron deficiency anaemia

• Impaired growth

• Cognitive impairment

• Intestinal obstruction

• Obstructive jaundice

• Löffler’s syndrome (pulmonary manifestation)