Oral and dental conditions

Facial bone injuries are fractures involving the mandible, maxilla, zygomatic complex, nasal bones, orbital skeleton, or other facial bones. They commonly result from high-energy trauma and may occur in isolation or as part of multiple traumatic injuries.

This clinical condition arises as a complication of inflammation of the dental pulp or periodontal pocket. The condition may be acute and diffuse, chronic with fistula or localized and circumscribed. It is located in the apical aspect of the supporting bone

This is generalized inflammation of the oral mucosal (including the gingiva) due to different aetiologies such as infections, chemical burn, radiation and allergy.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant tumor of the oral cavity, accounting for more than 90% of all oral cancers. It arises from the stratified squamous epithelium lining the oral mucosa and is characterized by progressive local invasion with the potential for regional lymph node involvement and distant metastasis.

The globulomaxillary cyst is a rare cystic lesion classically described between the roots of the maxillary lateral incisor and canine, where it appears as an inverted pear-shaped radiolucency on dental radiographs. Historically, it was considered a developmental fissural cyst arising from embryonic fusion defects between the globular and maxillary processes.