By ULY CLINIC

 

Retinoblastoma

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It is the commonest childhood malignant tumor of the eyes. It is diagnosed between the first 1–3 years of life.  

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Diagnostic Criteria

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• White pupil reflex (leokocoria)

• Squint

• Rarely vitreous haemorraghe

• Hyphema

• Ocular/periocular inflammation

• Secondary glaucoma 

• In late stages proptosis and hypopyon 

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Pharmacological Treatment

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Staging and treatment is done in specialized centres in consultation with Pediatric Oncologist (Muhimbili National Hospital, Bugando Medical Centre, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre and Mbeya Referral Hospital).

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The following are treatment modalities: 

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• Enucleation of the affected eye and the eye is taken for histology

• Chemotherapy

• External beam radiotherapy

• Plaque radiotherapy

• Cryotherapy and laser photoablation

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 Note: Close follow up is very important due to the following:-

• There is a chance of developing retinoblastoma in the fellow eye

• The risk is diminished with increase in age

• Also watch for secondary tumors like osteosarcoma 

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Referral 

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Refer all children presenting with a white pupillary reflex, squint and acute painful red eye to a qualified eye care personnel/ophthalmologist

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Updated on, 2.11.2020

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References

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1. STG