Mwandishi
Mhariri:
Imeboreshwa:
ULY CLINIC
ULY CLINIC
18 Oktoba 2026, 21:05:45
Testicular cancer
Types: germ cell tumours (over 95%: seminoma 60%, non-seminoma 40%), sex cord-stromal tumours, lymphoma.
Investigations: testicular ultrasound, β-hCG, AFP, LDH, RFT, LFT, chest X-ray, CT chest/abdomen/pelvis.
Stage | Management |
All | Radical inguinal orchidectomy with high ligation of the cord |
Seminoma stage I | Surveillance (preferred) OR RT 20 Gy para-aortic OR carboplatin AUC 7 × 1–2 cycles |
Seminoma IIA/IIB | RT 20 Gy plus boost (30–36 Gy) OR EP × 4 / BEP × 3 |
Seminoma IIC/III | EP × 4 OR BEP × 3 |
Non-seminoma IA/IB | Nerve-sparing RPLND; BEP × 1–2 or surveillance (IB) |
Non-seminoma IIA–IIIA | RPLND or EP × 4 / BEP × 3 (chemotherapy if markers persist) |
Non-seminoma IIIB/IIIC | BEP × 4; VIP × 4 as alternative |
Regimens (every 3 weeks)
EP: S: etoposide 100 mg/m² IV days 1–5 + cisplatin 20 mg/m² IV days 1–5.
BEP: S: bleomycin 30 units IV days 1, 8, 15 + etoposide 100 mg/m² days 1–5 + cisplatin 20 mg/m² days 1–5.
VIP: S: etoposide 75 mg/m² + ifosfamide 1200 mg/m² (with mesna) + cisplatin 20 mg/m², days 1–5.
Imeandikwa:
18 Oktoba 2026, 21:05:21
References:
Ministry of Health, United Republic of Tanzania. Standard Treatment Guidelines and National Essential Medicines List for Tanzania Mainland (STG & NEMLIT). 7th ed. Dodoma: Ministry of Health; 2026. Chapter 22, Malignant Disease Conditions: section 22.8.4 Testicular Cancer (Table 22.21), pp. 611–612.