Mental and health conditions

Heroin Withdrawal is a clinical syndrome that occurs after abrupt reduction or cessation of heroin use in individuals who have developed physical dependence. Heroin dependence is a chronic relapsing brain disorder characterized by compulsive heroin-seeking and use despite harmful consequences.

Alcohol Withdrawal is a clinical syndrome that occurs after sudden reduction or cessation of alcohol intake in individuals with alcohol dependence or prolonged heavy alcohol use. The syndrome results from neuroadaptation caused by chronic alcohol exposure and may range from mild symptoms such as anxiety and tremors to severe complications including seizures and delirium tremens, which can be life-threatening.

Stimulant Intoxication is a substance-related disorder caused by recent use of amphetamine-type substances, cocaine, or other stimulants resulting in clinically significant behavioural, psychological, or physiological changes that develop during or shortly after substance use.

Opioid Intoxication is a clinical condition resulting from recent opioid use causing clinically significant behavioural, psychological, and physiological changes due to opioid effects on the central nervous system. Severe opioid intoxication may progress to respiratory depression, coma, and death due to suppression of the brainstem respiratory centres.

Alcohol Intoxication is a clinical condition caused by recent consumption of alcohol resulting in clinically significant behavioural, psychological, or physical changes due to the effects of alcohol on the central nervous system.